Cuidados na alimentação da vaca garantem maior qualidade do leite

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Referência na produção de queijo coalho e ovos, a Tijuca Alimentos explica a importância de formular e acompanhar de perto uma dieta para as vacas leiteiras, que influencia diretamente na composição e qualidade do leite. “A qualidade do leite pode ser alterada pela alimentação que está sendo oferecida ao animal. Dessa forma, o teor de gordura e de proteína podem ser alterados pelos níveis da fibra, da energia, da proteína e da qualidade dos minerais da ração”, afirma Mardonio Silva, Gestor da Vacaria Tijuca Alimentos.

 

Ao todo, as vacas tem cinco períodos: o início de lactação (0 a 70 dias, o pico da produção de leite), o pico de consumo de alimento (79 a 140 dias, declínio da produção de leite), a metade e o final da lactação (140 a 305 dias, declínio da produção de leite e gestação), o período seco (cerca de 60 dias, podendo ser também de 40 a 14 dias antes da próxima lactação) e, por último, a transição e o período pré-parto (14 dias até o parto).

 

Durante o período de lactação e próximo ao momento de parir, por exemplo, as vacas têm exigências mais altas de nutrientes se comparado ao animal em período seco, também chamado de “férias”. No entanto, os níveis de consumo maior da ração e da suplementação depende do estágio que o bovino leiteiro está da vida. “O leite de qualidade é fruto de processos diversos. Além da dieta rica em nutrientes, é preciso que os ambientes que o animal vai passar ao longo da rotina tenham certos cuidados, como o conforto das camas e o resfriamento dos animais. Outro ponto importante é a higiene durante a ordenha para garantir que não aconteça contaminação do produto”, afirma Mardonio Silva.

 

Na Tijuca Alimentos, o laboratório da fazenda faz análises para medir a gordura, a proteína, a Contagem de Células Somáticas (CCS) e a Contagem Bacteriana Total (CBT). Já na dieta, a avaliação é por análises químico bromatológicas e também por avaliação física em conjuntos de peneiras.  “Com isso, temos um maior controle da qualidade do leite produzido pela empresa”, complementa o Gestor da Vacaria da Tijuca Alimentos.

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